Exploring the Phytoremediation Potential of Salvinia molesta for the degradation of Malachite green dye

Kaushal J. and Mahajan P.

In the present study, the potential of Salvinia molesta has been explored to decolorize with different dyes like Malachite Green, Methyl Orange, Congo Red, Eriochrome black –T and textile dying effluent. Among the different dyes studied, maximum 100% decolorization was observed with Malachite green within 24 hour of experimentation. Degradation of dye was confirmed with the help of UV-visible and FTIR spectroscopy. Different parameters like pH, BOD, COD, TDS, TSS and conductivity of textile dying effluent were studied before and after treatment with Salvinia molesta. The values of these parameters were found to be significantly reduced by Salvinia molesta within 96 hour. From the study, a significant feature of Salvinia molesta was also established that it is helpful in maintaining neutral pH whether using acidic or basic conditions. Phytotoxicity studies have also revealed the non-toxic nature of supernatant remained after decolorization experiment. Proposed hypothetical mechanism is also provided which indicated the chemical interaction between Salvinia molesta and Malachite green dye.

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Exploring fungal dyes and siderophores for jute textile dyeing

Nithyananda Sastry D., Prabhakar T. and Laxmi Narasu M.

Jute is an important natural cellulosic with versatile applications. Coloration of any fabric improves look, feel and aesthetic appeal and market value of the fabric. Natural dyeing offers special advantages and significant opportunity for dying jute textiles. Around 60 fungal strains producing dyes of different shades were considered for the study. Fermentative production and textile dyeing applications of these fungal dyes were carried out initially with wool, silk and cotton and then extended to Jute. Rub fastness, color fastness to washing and light was carried out and was found to be satisfactory. Results suggest that fungi are potential sources of natural dyes, media and inducers: salt in specific, environmental conditions, sampling source play a role in production of fungal dyes. They produced a wide range of color shades with different mordents. Bleaching improved the dye uptake. Jute twine was double bleached with sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide for obtaining satisfactory white. Metal chelating effects of many of plant and microbial extracts and dyes were shown to possess various applications in inks and textile dyeing. Pre and post mordenting with metal ions improved the intensity of shades and its fastness characteristics. Based on metal chelating tests many of our fungal strains were secreting some kind of siderophores( low molecular weight, metal-chelating ligands) and organic acids. We claim Strains with these properties can be better explored for textile dyeing applications.

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Investigations on rheological behaviour of paraffin based Fe3O4 nanofluids and its modelling

Juwar Vijay and Sonawane Shriram S.

Present study deals with experimental investigation of rheology and viscosity of paraffin based Fe3O4. Experiments were conducted in a volume concentration of 0.1% to 0.5% in a temperature range of 100C to 500C. In above-mentioned temperature range and volume concentration, nanofluid shows Newtonian behaviour. Viscosity of nanofluid increases with an increase in volume concentration. Out of Brinkman, Batchlor, Wang and Maiga’s model, only Batchlor’s model shows little proximity with experimental values of viscosity. With an increase in temperature of nanofluid, its viscosity decreases. Behaviour of viscosity of nanofluid with temperature was found in good agreement with Namburu’s model.

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Taft Linear Interfacial Tension Relationship to Liquid-Vapor Interfacial Tensions (γ) of Several Amines: Association Behavior of Primary and Secondary Amines on the Basis of Eötvös Constant, Ramsay-Shields Equation and Trouton’s Rule

Sanjeev R., Jagannadham V. and Vrath R. Veda

Taft Linear Interfacial Tension Relationship (TLITR) was applied to liquid-vapor interfacial tensions (γ) to several primary, secondary and tertiary amines. The correlation for log  and Taft * for primary amines was quite poor (r = 0.7257); for secondary amines it was satisfactory (r = 0.9418) and for tertiary amines it was slightly better (r = 0.9519). The higher degree of deviation of linearity for log  versus * for primary amines and a better linear curve for secondary amines and a good linear curve for tertiary amines have been explained in terms of Eötvös Constant, Ramsay-Shields equation and Trouton’s rule.

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Transesterification of canola oil to biodiesel over potassium doped carbon nanotubes catalysts

Nebahat Degirmenbasi and Nezahat Boz

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were modified by impregnation of potassium fluoride (KF) and used as a novel solid alkaline catalyst for the transesterification reaction of canola oil with methanol to biodiesel. 10 wt. % KF doped CNTs catalysts gave the highest biodiesel yield of 96.3 at 338 K, 3 wt.% catalyst, 9:1 molar ratio of methanol to canola oil and 8 h of reaction time. Production of biodiesel was achieved in the liquid batch reactor over KF doped CNTs catalysts at the mild reaction conditions. Carbon based materials could be used as a support material due to its stable structure at high temperatures.

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Synthesis of Mono and Di-4′,4′-Dihydroxy-2,2-Diphenylpropane Mannich Side Chain

Anwar E. M. Nor-Eljaleel, Himat, M. A. Faduland Abualreish M. J. A.

Four compounds of mono and di-4′,4′-dihydroxy-2,2- diphenylpropane mannich side chain were synthesized by three components through Mannich reaction. These compounds (1-4) were synthesized by reaction of dialkylphenol (4′,4′-dihydroxy-2,2-diphenylpropane) with suitable secondary amines (dimethyl amine or pyrrolidine) and formaldehyde solution in methanol. The products were purified by thin layer chromatography and identified along with by NMR spectroscopic methods (1HNMR, 13CNMR, APT, COSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOSEY).

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Removal of chromium with economical adsorbents

Senthilnathan U.

As there is a revolution in industrial field, there is enhancement in waste disposals in solids as well as in fluid forms. As a consequence of this, environmental awareness related technology is developing innovative ideas to minimize these waste and to utilization them wisely. Heavy metals influencing the health of life are part of the waste water. The technology of removing these heavy metals is one of the thrust areas of research. Chromium, one of those metals is a part of the waste water that is released to the environment. Large numbers of techniques are developed for the removal of chromium from the waste water. There is a necessity of the removal technology of chromium metals from waste water which is economical as well as safe. To innovative new ideas there must be knowledge of the past techniques that are in practice. Hence, a review on removing of chromium from the waste water using economical adsorbents has been attempted.

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