Development and
Analysis of Biogenic Nanoparticles Derived from Plant Extracts: A Sustainable Method
to Improve Antimicrobial Efficacy
Raj Praharsh, Oza Kalrav, Makvana Chirag and Panchal Vikram
Res. J. Biotech.; Vol. 20(12); 159-166;
doi: https://doi.org/10.25303/2012rjbt1590166; (2025)
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles have attracted significant interest owing to their remarkable
antibacterial characteristics, particularly when synthesized using environmentally
friendly approaches. This study introduces a sustainable approach for synthesizing
AgNPs using Calotropis procera extract from leaves as a natural reducing component
to convert a silver salt solution into nanoparticles which are stabilized using
polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The characterization of PVP-coated AgNPs was conducted
using UV-Visible spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD and HR-TEM techniques. The UV-Visible spectra
displayed a prominent peak at 468 nm, indicating the successful and stable formation
of the nanoparticles. The FTIR analysis validated the successful preparation and
stabilization of silver nanoparticles with PVP and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern
indicated a monoclinic crystalline structure.
HR-TEM demonstrates that the nanoparticles are spherical in shape and are evenly
distributed. The synthesized AgNPs showed an average diameter of 14.36 nm and have
been functionalized with Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to increase their biological
activity. An antibacterial efficiency of PVP-capped AgNPs has been evaluated against
several bacterial strains including S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, GPB and E. coli, demonstrating
significant activity against all analyzed pathogens.
