Exploring the
Molecular Pathology of Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Network
Biology of Overlap Transcriptomic and Epigenetic Analysis Factors
Yadav Ravina, Mani Ruchi Jakhmola, Sharma Arun K., Ahmad Saif and Katare Deepshikha
Pande
Res. J. Biotech.; Vol. 20(12); 109-122;
doi: https://doi.org/10.25303/2012rjbt1090122; (2025)
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been globally recognized to trigger the risk
of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) [commonly known as Type 3 diabetes (T3DM)] which has
towering prevalence across the world. This study delineates the molecular crosstalk
of these comorbidities using bioinformatics and network biology. Stringent analysis
of Affymetrix microarray data from datasets GSE26168 and GSE63063 has provided substantial
molecular correlations of T2DM to AD. Estimating common differentially expressed
genes, regulating transcriptional factors, involving signaling kinase and coinciding
biological processes of these insidious pathologies open new windows for therapeutic
targets and diagnostic biomarkers. Numerous pivotal genes including FCER1G, FGR,
ALOX5AP, NCF2 and CSF3R, have been studied to regulate insulin signalling pathways
and interestingly noticed differential expression patterns in AD.
A bunch of DEG genes from this series are also involved in neuroinflammation and
synaptic dysfunction concurring the molecular interplay between T2DM and AD. The
results of the network analysis further revealed complex interrelations between
the dysregulated genes, central hubs and potential regulatory nodes critical to
the pathophysiology of T3DM comorbidity. Overall, these findings unveil the molecular
underpinnings of T3DM interplay and provide a roadmap towards developing targeted
therapeutic strategies for debilitating neurodegenerative disorders.
