Review Paper:
Can micronutrients
mitigate childhood epilepsy? Exploring the hidden impact of essential nutrients
Basu Soma, Arambakkam Janardhanam Hemamalini and Manokaran Ranjithkumar
Res. J. Biotech.; Vol. 20(7); 199-203;
doi: https://doi.org/10.25303/207rjbt1990203; (2025)
Abstract
Epilepsy is often associated with altered levels of micronutrients which may affect
seizure control and overall health. Studies have shown deficiencies in vitamins
D, B6, antioxidants, zinc and magnesium in individuals with epilepsy are possibly
due to factors such as decreased sunlight exposure, dietary restrictions and antiepileptic
drugs' use. Addressing these deficiencies could complement epilepsy management.
This review study aims to examine the role of micronutrients in childhood epilepsy.
An extensive literature survey was conducted using databases PubMed, ScienceDirect,
Google Scholar to locate peer-reviewed articles of clinical trial and observational
studies showing the results of effect of micronutrient supplementation in children
with epilepsy. Studies were reviewed for inclusion based on their relevance to this
subject matter. Total 27 manuscripts from 2011 to 2023 were reviewed in order to
write this review study. Vitamin D and B6 show promise in reducing seizure frequency
and severity. Vitamin D supplementation significantly reduces seizure frequency
and improves EEG findings, possibly due to its modulatory effects on neuronal excitability
and anti-inflammatory properties.
Similarly, vitamin B6 supplementation reduces seizure severity and improves cognitive
scores by aiding neurotransmitter synthesis. Among minerals, zinc, magnesium, selenium
and copper supplementation exhibit variable efficacy in managing epilepsy. Zinc
improves behavior, while magnesium and selenium decrease seizure frequency by regulating
neuronal excitability and acting as antioxidants. Copper supplementation reduces
seizure duration, indicating its potential in seizure control. Vitamins D and B6,
along with minerals like zinc, magnesium, selenium and copper, offer promising options
for managing childhood epilepsy. Nonetheless, these findings highlight the potential
of nutritional interventions as complementary approaches in epilepsy management.
