Genetic and Molecular
Insights into AIDS Progression: A Genome-Wide Association Data-Driven Analysis
Sravana Deepthi C., Ravikanth Eddula Venkata, Adiga Usha, Vasishta Sampara and Sindhu
B.S.
Res. J. Biotech.; Vol. 20(9); 82-91;
doi: https://doi.org/10.25303/209rjbt082091; (2025)
Abstract
AIDS progression varies widely among individuals, influenced by genetic and molecular
factors affecting immune responses and viral replication. Identifying genetic variants
associated with disease progression can reveal host-pathogen interactions and potential
therapeutic targets. This study analyzes genome-wide association study (GWAS) data
and performs functional enrichment analyses to explore key genetic determinants
of AIDS progression. GWAS data were analyzed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs), significantly associated with AIDS progression. Functional enrichment through
Gene Ontology (GO), KEGG pathways and CellMarker databases classified genes by biological
functions, immune cell associations and metabolic pathways. Unsupervised machine
learning algorithms, including hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis
(PCA) were applied to validate patterns.
Significant SNPs were identified in genes such as PARD3B, LTF, CCRL2, NBPF14, DGKI,
RPH3AL and H2AFY, linked to immune regulation, inflammation and viral replication
control. PARD3B was associated with slower disease progression while DGKI highlighted
metabolic involvement through phosphatidylinositol signaling. Hierarchical clustering
revealed natural SNP groupings and PCA confirmed distinct genomic patterns influencing
AIDS progression. This study highlights genetic variants influencing AIDS progression
and identifies potential biomarkers for future therapeutic strategies. Validation
and further exploration of personalized treatment approaches are recommended.
