Review Paper:
Role of BRCA1
mutations in breast cancer susceptibility and treatment strategies
Ashiru Aliyu Zainulabidin, Aminu Jibril Sufyan, Uwaisu Nura kani, Muthu Kumar Thirunavukkarasu
and Yusuf Abdulrauf Muhammad
Res. J. Biotech.; Vol. 20(9); 292-299;
doi: https://doi.org/10.25303/209rjbt2920299; (2025)
Abstract
Breast cancer remains the most frequently diagnosed cancer, which is the leading
cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Incidence rates vary across
countries, with higher rates observed in regions with higher human development indices.
Genetic mutations, particularly in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, play a significant role
in breast cancer susceptibility, with implications for risk assessment and treatment
decisions. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy and targeted therapies
such as PARP inhibitors, with ongoing research focusing on improving outcomes and
addressing drug resistance. Increased awareness, early detection and advancements
in treatment have contributed to improvements in breast cancer outcomes in developed
regions.
However, disparities in access to healthcare and resources persist, particularly
in low and middle income countries. Addressing these disparities through organized
screening programs, improved access to quality healthcare and continued research
into personalized treatment approaches is crucial to reduce the global burden of
breast cancer and improving outcomes for all patients. The review aims to provide
a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, risk factors, genetic mutations and
treatment options associated with breast cancer, highlighting the global burden
of the disease and its implications for public health.
