Optimization of
plant growth hormone concentrations on callus induction and comparative phytochemical
profiling in leaves and callus of Rosmarinus officinalis L.
Nair R. Nisha, Cherian Pinkie, Jeeshma L.R. and Fathima Bana
Res. J. Biotech.; Vol. 21(1); 288-296;
doi: https://doi.org/10.25303/211rjbt2880296; (2026)
Abstract
Optimizing the culture medium for efficient callus induction in Rosmarinus officinalis
(rosemary) using various plant growth regulator (PGR) combinations and production
of effective secondary metabolites are evaluated in the present study. Young leaves
of Rosmarinus officinalis were selected as explants for callus induction. The results
showed that equal combinations of growth hormones (BAP and 2,4-D) initiated callus
induction in Rosmarinus officinalis. Highest callus biomass (0.3741±0.1768 gm) was
procured from the leaf explants refined on MS medium embellished with 0.2 mg/l of
BAP and 0.2mg/l of 2,4-D. A 100% callus induction rate was inoculated from leaf
explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with equal concentrations of plant growth
regulators (PGR) BAP and 2,4-D at 0.5 mg/L, 0.8 mg/L and 1.6 mg/L respectively.
The proposed medium compositions can be effectively used to obtain callus proliferation
in Rosmarinus officinalis L. A comparative phytochemical analysis proved the detection
of bioactive compounds like phenol and tannin among leaves and in vitro cultured
callus of Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary). The low concentration of tannins in
the callus of Rosmarinus officinalis presents the potential for large-scale callus
propagation and its subsequent use as a raw material for herbal tea production.
